Vanlig presens

Vi bruker vanlig presens:

  • For å uttrykke vaner, generelle sannheter, gjentatte handlinger, eller uforandrede situasjoner, følelser eller ønsker:
    I smoke (vane); I work in London (uforandret situasjon); London is a large city (generell sannhet)
  • For å gi instruksjoner eller veiledninger:
    You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left.
  • For å uttrykke faste avtaler, nå eller i framtiden:
    Your exam starts at 09.00
  • For å uttrykke noe som vil skje i framtiden, etter visse konjuksjoner: after, when, before, as soon as, until:
    He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.
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Vær forsiktig! Vi bruker ikke vanlig presens for å uttrykke handlinger som skjer akkurat nå.

Eksempler

  • For vaner
    He drinks tea at breakfast.
    She only eats fish.
    They watch television regularly.
  • For gjentatte handlinger
    We catch the bus every morning.
    It rains every afternoon in the hot season.
    They drive to Monaco every summer.
  • For generelle sannheter
    Water freezes at zero degrees.
    The Earth revolves around the Sun.
    Her mother is Peruvian.
  • For instrukser og veiledninger
    Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.
    You take the No.6 bus to Watney and then the No.10 to Bedford.
  • For faste avtaler
    His mother arrives tomorrow.
    Our holiday starts on the 26th March
  • Med framtiden
    She'll see you before she leaves.
    We'll give it to her when she arrives.

Forming av vanlig presens: to think

Bekreftende Spørrende Nektende
I think Do I think? I do not think
You think Do you think? You do not think
He thinks Does he think? He does not think
She thinks Does she think? She does not think
It thinks Does it think? It does not think
We think Do we think? We do not think.
They think Do they think? They do not think.

Merknader om vanlig presens, tredje person entall

  • I tredje person entall slutter verbet alltid i -s:
    he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks.
  • De nektende og spørrende formene bruker DOES (= hjelpeverbet 'DO' i tredje person entall) + verbets infinitiv.
    He wants ice cream. Does he want strawberry? He does not want vanilla.
  • Verbene som slutter i -y: i tredje person endres -y til -ies:
    fly --> flies, cry --> cries
    Unntak: hvis det er en vokal foran y:
    play --> plays, pray --> prays
  • Legg til -es etter verbene som slutter i -ss, -x, -sh, -ch:
    he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes
Eksempler
  • He goes to school every morning.
  • She understands English.
  • It mixes the sand and the water.
  • He tries very hard.
  • She enjoys playing the piano.
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